Youth and the Water Sector: Why Young Minds Should Consider Water Sector Careers

Background of my motivation for this blog post

With just four years remaining before I transition from the youth category, I see this as a prime opportunity to impart my professional insights while I'm still a part of this cohort. This serves as the driving force behind my motivation to create a blog specifically tailored for young individuals in the water sector or or those seeking opportunities within the sector but are still uncertain about their choice.

Two month ago marked World Youth Day, a global observance dedicated to celebrating the aspirations, achievements, and potential of young individuals on a worldwide scale. And I shared this post on my Linkedin:
"With the African youth population accounting for a staggering 60% of the continent's total, we proudly hold the position of the largest and fastest-growing segment of population worldwide. It's crucial that we take the lead in shaping high-level water sector policies across Africa. As a representative of this dynamic youth cohort, I believe it's time for our voices to be heard louder in the water sector and beyond. Let's work together to amplify our influence and drive meaningful change for a sustainable future!".

While crafting this post, I found myself contemplating the significance of the growing youth population in Africa. However, I soon came to the realization that a substantial challenge exists: a considerable drifting of young talents from the water sector to other job competitor sectors. This phenomenon is not exclusive to Africa; it is a global concern, and its root causes vary. To explore deeper into this matter, I embarked on an internet search to ascertain whether similar issues were prevalent elsewhere in the world. It became evident that this is indeed a widespread predicament, as several blogs were addressing the very same topic.

South East Michigan Council: Building the Future: Water Infrastructure Careers: It appears that this issue has historical roots, as evidenced by a 2014 blog from the International Water Association with a similar focus: For Young Water Professionals, Professional Development is for Life which said "Beyond shortages, the sector loses professionals every day to more competitive sectors. In part this is due to the lack of investment in people, whether remuneration, motivation or professional updating and learning. Add to this a workforce that is ageing and soon to be retiring." On a related note, a recent study by the International Water Association concerning the global workforce analysis for WaSH (Water Supply, Sanitation, and Hygiene) has unveiled a promising prospect. It indicates that achieving universal access to sufficient water supply and sanitation services could potentially generate approximately 24,000 skilled employment opportunities. These positions would extend beyond the initial construction-related jobs, encompassing a significant number of professional and long-term roles that are indispensable for the sustained operation and maintenance of WASH infrastructure and services. This ripple effect in job creation has the potential to significantly enhance the livelihoods of millions of individuals.

The AIChe blog, titled "Consider a Career in the Water Industry," has brought forth a crucial perspective regarding the future of the water sector. It underscores that the water industry is ripe for renewal, primarily due to the aging infrastructure, including both sewer and drinking water pipelines. Furthermore, many water-related companies and institutions are actively exploring and implementing cutting-edge technologies. These innovations, such as smart technologies, involve integrating software into water infrastructure products capable of seamless communication with users through servers and cloud systems. For instance, the incorporation of IoT (Internet of Things) and AI (Artificial Intelligence) can enable a pump to alert users to errors or potentially hazardous conditions. Or, a pipeline could notify users of potential issues such as fractures or excessive water pressure within the water distribution system. These advancements empower service providers to perform tasks that were previously unattainable, all made possible by smart technology.

However, the challenge arises when considering who will operate and maintain these advanced technologies for the benefit of communities if the younger generation is hesitant to pursue the necessary training and careers in this field. This concern serves as both a motivation and an inspiration for me to write this blog.

My professional background:

I'd like to introduce myself as a public health engineer with a background in leading teams to deliver water and sanitation projects in rural and peri-urban communities. I hold a Master of Science in Water Supply, Sanitation, and Health Engineering from the University of Leeds. Over the past seven years, my career has taken me across various facets of the water sector, spanning Kenya and Tanzania. This journey has afforded me the opportunity to collaborate with leaders in the water industry, government bodies, NGOs, stakeholders, and, notably, young individuals.

As I compose this blog, I currently serve as a Regional Programme Manager for eWATERservices - East Africa, the position I took from August this year. In this senior role, my focus lies on spearheading the development of crucial operational areas and fostering the business growth of eWATER within the region. My unwavering passion for the water sector is underscored by my vision of a future where access to clean water and related services is not a luxury but a fundamental right for all. I firmly believe that by revolutionizing the business landscape of the water sector, we can bring about positive transformation in communities worldwide.

Maji Popote (eWATER partner in Kenya) Scoping team learning how to design rural community water supply system.

Young Water Professionals from the context of Africa perspective

Before assuming my new role with eWATERservices, I took a two-month break from work to pursue personal growth opportunities through a leadership course in business at Rutgers University as part of the Mandela Washington Fellowship. This program brings together young African leaders from various sectors across the continent. During the course, which featured 25 participants from diverse fields, it became evident that only two of us hailed specific from the water sector. Interestingly, there were four participants from healthcare, seven from waste management, four with architecture backgrounds, and the rest representing a range of other sectors.

While I don't intend to diminish the significance of other sectors, I strongly believe that the water sector, given its substantial importance, should have a more prominent presence in such courses. This sentiment extends beyond just the Rutgers cohort. Even during the Mandela Washington Fellowship summit in Washington DC, I found it challenging to locate young professionals actively engaged in the water sector. This experience has reinforced my belief in the need for greater representation and recognition of the water sector's significance within leadership development programs. Read about my blog on Mandela Washington Fellowship Experience here: Oscar’s learnings from the Mandela Washington Fellowship, Rutgers, New Jersey State University

Mandela Washington Fellowship 2023 Rutgers University Cohort.

Young Water Professionals from the Perspective of  the Professional Membership Organizations

I've recently taken an initiative to become a member of the International Water Association (IWA), the largest membership association in the global water sector. The IWA serves as a unifying platform, bringing together a diverse community comprising scientists, researchers, technology firms, water and wastewater utilities, and a broader spectrum of stakeholders deeply involved in water management.

One significant aspect of this membership is the opportunity it provides for young water professionals to affiliate with their country's dedicated IWA Young Water Professionals (YWP) chapter. In my case, this would be YWP-Tanzania, if such a chapter existed. Unfortunately, the chapter does not currently exist, underscoring the fact that there are relatively few dedicated young individuals actively engaged in the water sector. By the way, for those of you who are young professionals in the water sector, I anticipate elaborating on the advantages of registering with professional organizations like IWA in an upcoming section of this blog post. These opportunities can significantly contribute to the development of our careers.

Overview of the Water Sector in Tanzania: 

Access to Services

Allow me to present some essential yet potentially less captivating data from the very recent World Bank Tanzania Economic Update, titled "Universal Access to Water and Sanitation Could Transform Social and Economic Development." According to this report, the current state of access to essential services in Tanzania is as follows:

• Basic Water Supply: Presently, only 61% of households in Tanzania have access to what can be classified as a basic water supply.

• Basic Sanitation: For basic sanitation facilities, this figure drops to 32% of households.

• Basic Hygiene: Access to basic hygiene, defined by SDG standards, stands at 48% of households.

It's worth noting that in technical terms, "basic access" doesn't entail having a water tap within your dwelling. Instead, it signifies that you can make a round trip to collect water in 30 minutes or less from an improved water source. 
While the improvements made are indeed significant, there's a consensus that progress isn't occurring at the desired pace. In the 21st century, the aspiration for all, including our rural population, aligns with what is technically referred to as a "safely managed drinking water service." This entails having a water tap on your property, a consistent and reliable water supply available whenever needed, and water that is free from contamination. This definition may not resonate with many of us in the global south who are familiar with instances where water taps in our homes don't consistently provide water. Can you relate this with your water supply?
To put the current situation in perspective, only a mere 11% of Tanzanians enjoy the privilege of accessing clean water on their premises, available at all times, and free from contamination. In practical terms, this means that approximately 6 million out of Tanzania's 60 million population have access to safely managed water supply services.

Consequences of lacking access to basic water services

The World Bank report further underscores that Tanzania has been grappling with severe consequences, including death and disease, as immediate outcomes of this situation. Unfortunately, these burdens disproportionately affect women, children, and those in poverty or vulnerable positions. Shockingly, an estimated 31,000 lives are lost annually in Tanzania due to inadequate Water, Sanitation, and Hygiene (WASH) services. This figure accounts for over 10% of preventable deaths in the country and places a staggering economic burden, exceeding $2.4 billion each year, on the nation's healthcare system, encompassing excessive medical expenses and productivity losses.
It's essential to recognize that these substantial financial resources could have otherwise been invested in various developmental sectors, but they are instead channeled towards treating diseases that are entirely preventable. What's less evident but equally critical, especially in the context of this blog, is that the lack of sufficient water supply and sanitation infrastructure has a direct impact on the potential for job creation for many.

Community field visit by eWATER team in

MERU county villages.

Potentials of the water sector to create career opportunities:

According to estimates by the International Labor Organization, three out of every four jobs that constitute the global workforce have a substantial or moderate dependency on water. When we apply this on a Tanzanian scale, it becomes apparent that issues related to water supply and sanitation not only contribute to disease but also curtail economic opportunities and hinder job creation, particularly affecting young people in the country.

Common myths and misconceptions that deter young people from considering careers in the water sector. 

• Its a male dominated world: While it is undeniable truth that for many years the engineering industry has been dominated by males,  I have personally met the most amazing female engineers who are very intelligent and confident about what they do. While the current, but unreliable data states that Tanzania has about 35,000 of which only 13.2% are women. These may look as just numbers to many, but I truly believe that, as the nation, we holds a responsibility to breakdown any barriers that restrain women from taking careers in the engineering sectors such as water. The good news is, the opportunities are opening and are seeing more examples of women who are really doing amazing things for the sector. We must highlight the work that women are doing in the sector, an opportunity that will infuse passion for many female to join the sector.

• Strict educational background: There's a prevalent assumption that a strong engineering background is a prerequisite for entering the water sector. While it's true that specific positions may demand specialized training, it's essential to recognize that there are multiple avenues for individuals to enter the water sector. One such route is through volunteering with non-governmental organizations (NGOs), government institutions, or companies involved in water-related work. Volunteering offers a prime opportunity to showcase your dedication to the cause. In fact, I personally found my way into the water sector through volunteering. 

My initial academic background was in environmental science, but my aspiration was always to work in the water sector. I navigated my path into this field through volunteering. A second approach is by securing entry-level positions. Roles like technicians, lab assistants, or research assistants provide invaluable industry exposure, skill development, networking opportunities, and the means to bolster your resume. Lastly, pursuing an academic career in the water sector, such as enrolling in a postgraduate diploma program or an online course, is another viable pathway to gaining the necessary knowledge and qualifications for a water-related career.

• Its dirty clothing, boots, pipes: In the water sector, it's not all about soiled clothing, boots, and pipes. While these elements may be typical in construction-related roles, the field offers a diverse range of career opportunities that extend beyond physical labor. Many positions involve management, office work, remote work, or hybrid job setups. There is a wide array of career paths within the water sector that do not entail wearing safety attire.

For instance, one such opportunity is a Water Quality Analyst. In this role, professionals work in laboratories or office settings, conducting research, analyzing water samples, and ensuring water quality compliance. They are responsible for assessing water treatment processes and ensuring that drinking water meets safety standards.  As a Regional Programme Manager at eWATERservices, my role doesn't necessitate the use of safety attire. Instead, my job primarily revolves around community water project development. This entails engaging with communities, collaborating with leaders in the water sector, and designing water supply systems for these communities.

• Its solely focused on mathematics and pure physics: Traditionally, water-related professions like civil engineering and hydrology heavily rely on mathematical and physics principles, creating a perception that these skills are fundamental for all water careers. Additionally, technical roles like hydraulic engineering or hydrogeology, which do require strong math and physics backgrounds, often receive more visibility. As a result, people tend to associate the entire water sector with these specialized roles.
• In the water sector, a multitude of positions doesn't demand an extensive technical background. Roles such as Community Engagement Specialist, Social Impact Analyst, Climate Change Specialist, Field Researcher, Community Development Officer, and Water, Sanitation, and Hygiene (WaSH) Coordinator illustrate this diversity. At eWATER, my team reflects this varied composition: it includes technical experts, specifically civil engineers who focus on designing water systems for rural communities, and social specialists tasked with researching the social dynamics of the communities eWATER intends to serve.

• Lack of excitements: The misconception that water careers lack excitement often arises from a limited understanding of the multifaceted roles within the sector. Water professionals engage in a wide array of activities, from designing innovative and sustainable water systems to implementing community-driven projects that transform lives. 
• The water sector offers a wide range of positions tailored to individual preferences, allowing professionals to find their ideal work environment. Personally, I find immense satisfaction in roles that minimize daily commutes, offering a balance between working from home and engaging in fieldwork. This unique work arrangement, which might be challenging to find elsewhere, perfectly aligns with my preferences and is precisely what I experience at eWATER Services. What excites me the most about working in the water sector is the opportunity to travel. 

• Through my work, I've had the privilege to travel internationally to countries like Norway, the United Kingdom, and the United States of America. Additionally, I've explored numerous cities and rural communities in both Kenya and Tanzania, enhancing my professional and cultural experiences significantly. As I compose this section, I find myself in a comfortable hotel in Nairobi, enjoying the refreshing breeze and indulging in a mix of fruits, which brings a sense of fulfillment.

• Lack of Innovation: The misconception that water careers lack innovation stems from a narrow perspective. While these professions are rooted in essential services like clean water provision and sanitation, they are far from lacking in innovation. Engineers and scientists in the water sector continually pioneer groundbreaking technologies, from advanced filtration methods to smart water management systems. Moreover, innovations extend beyond technical solutions; creative policies, sustainable practices, and community engagement strategies are constantly evolving to address complex water challenges. 

• I have had the privilege of working with innovative water companies, starting at the local level with Gongali Model Company. They have pioneered a water filtration system utilizing locally assembled materials, incorporating nanofiltration technology that guarantees 100% filtration of any water pathogen. This system has been endorsed by the World Health Organization, proving its efficacy by removing about 99.9999% of pathogen contamination.

• Similarly, at eWATERservices, technological advancements are rapidly transforming our approach. Our water meter system, linked to a dashboard, enables real-time tracking of revenue collection, reducing non-revenue collection, and enhancing overall transparency in revenue management. Additionally, we're implementing water systems equipped with various sensors connected to dashboards. These sensors report failures remotely, enabling swift responses and thereby significantly improving the performance of water supply systems in rural communities.

• Limited Career Growth: Often perceived as routine or stagnant, these jobs encompass a wide array of roles, including engineering, research, consultancy, policy-making, and project management, offering significant avenues for advancement. 
• Limited exposure to these varied career paths and the misconception that water roles are static contribute to this misunderstanding. In reality, the water sector is dynamic, responding to global challenges like water scarcity and pollution. Professionals with innovative solutions and interdisciplinary skills are in high demand, ensuring ample opportunities for career progression and development within this vital industry. Beyond my academic pursuits in the MSc (Eng) Water, Sanitation and Health Engineering at University of Leeds in the UK, I have actively pursued growth opportunities through courses like Leadership in Business from Rutgers University under the Mandela Washington Fellowship. 
• Additionally, in 2018, I graduated from a supplementary master’s Summer School courses in Energy, Environment, and Social Changes at the University of Oslo, which provided me with a robust foundation in tackling global development issues. These experiences have further expanded my skill set and leadership capabilities, aligning with the multifaceted water sector requirements.

• Limited networking opportunities: The misconception that water careers offer limited networking opportunities arises from a misunderstanding of the sector's expansive global connections. While some perceive these professions as localized, in reality, the water sector operates internationally, fostering collaborations across borders. Moreover, water-related careers are inherently interdisciplinary, allowing professionals to engage with experts from diverse fields, significantly broadening their networking horizons. 
• Often, specialized conferences, seminars, and professional associations specific to the water sector are overlooked, leading to the misconception of restricted networking avenues. Being part of water organizations opens avenues to connect with diverse professionals in the field. Recently, I joined the Institute of Civil Engineers and International Water Association, anticipating the valuable advantages of membership such as expanding my professional connections and enhancing my visibility within the sector.

• How to bolster your career Opportunities in the water sector: 
• Contrary to the misconception that the water sector lacks youth opportunities, I firmly believe in the untapped potential within the field. Many unexplored avenues exist, offering abundant prospects that, if uncovered, could benefit numerous young professionals. Given that water is a universal necessity, ensuring a constant demand, the water sector will always require skilled professionals. Moreover, amidst pressing global issues like climate change, environmental degradation, and pandemics, the water sector stands as a fragile yet critical area. Recognized as a priority by global governance, it attracts significant political and scientific focus.  
• Various career pathways are available for young individuals, spanning from government positions to roles within NGOs. Additionally, the influx of private investments into the water sector in recent years has opened up entrepreneurial prospects that were previously hindered by the sector's conventional governance methods. In this section, I aim to discuss how young individuals can proactively equip themselves to seize these opportunities, advance their careers, and enhance their impact within the sector.

• Visibility and online portfolio: Maintaining an up-to-date online portfolio is of utmost importance in today's professional landscape. While some young professionals may rely solely on crafting an appealing resume, the recruitment landscape has evolved, and recruiters actively seek individuals who are engaged online. Unlike persuading a recruiter with a hastily revised CV the night before a deadline, you cannot establish your online presence overnight.
• A recent experience highlighted the significance of an updated portfolio. When applying for a prestigious Young Professional Programme with a renowned global organization, the recruitment process didn't initially require submission of my LinkedIn profile (Oscar Balongo). However, within a week of submitting my application, two recruiters from the organization discreetly visited my LinkedIn profile. This underscores how an updated portfolio reflects professionalism and dedication to one's field, indicating a serious commitment to both work and advocacy.
• An updated portfolio not only attracts new connections and opportunities but also captures the interest of industry peers, recruiters, and potential clients actively seeking professionals with specific expertise. There are various methods to maintain your online portfolio effectively. LinkedIn is a well-known platform that facilitates engagement with peers in your sector. Sharing regular updates on your recent activities, whether weekly or biweekly, underscores your dedication to your work. Another valuable tool is a Linktree profile, allowing you to create a personalized and customizable page housing essential links, such as social media profiles, LinkedIn, Twitter, journals, and more. This strategic approach demonstrates your commitment to your field and enhances your professional image. See an example here: Oscar Balongo. Establishing a polished LinkedIn profile is essential for expanding your network and a significant move toward discovering valuable opportunities. Visit this website to understand the process of creating a professional LinkedIn profile. https://careeroppotunities.com/optimize-your-profile-and-find-opportunities-on-linkedin/#google_vignette

How my LinkedIn profile looks like

• Educational Pathways: In many parts of the globe, the water sector has undergone significant transformations, offering diverse opportunities for career shifts at various life stages. However, the scenario contrasts in many developing nations, Tanzania included, where limited avenues exist for young professionals aspiring to enter the water sector. There's a prevalent belief that to pursue a career in water, one must have studied water engineering at the undergraduate level. Notably, there's a lack of clear pathways for professionals without a water engineering background to register with relevant water professional boards or organizations. Comparatively, countries like the UK provide a more inclusive approach. Individuals from any sector and at any life stage can become engineers if they possess motivation and are willing to follow established, transparent procedures. 
• For instance, the Institute of Civil Engineers in the UK, a respected professional association, offers a clear roadmap and actionable steps for professionals aiming to enter the civil engineering field, demonstrating a more accessible and straightforward process compared to some developing nations.  Nevertheless, in my personal experience as an individual without a bachelor's degree in water engineering, I managed to overcome this challenge. Likewise, I have faith that by drawing inspiration from my journey, you can unlock your potential and break through career barriers. 

• Gaining membership with professional organizations: Obtaining membership with esteemed professional organizations is a crucial move to enhance your presence, engage with like-minded peers, and, significantly, portray your commitment to your career and skill enhancement. These organizations facilitate connections not only among peers but also between newcomers and experienced professionals in the sector. They provide specialized training at various career levels and can be either national or international entities.
• For example, in Tanzania, there is a Engineers Registration  Board (https://www.erb.go.tz/) and Institute of Engineers Tanzania (https://iet.or.tz/. There are numerous international professional organizations in the water sector, including notable ones like the International Water Association (IWA), recognized as the world's largest water organization, the Water Institute, and the Institute of Civil Engineers, among others. 
• Personally, I have taken proactive steps to gain membership with esteemed organizations such as the International Water Association and the Institution of Civil Engineers (ICE). My objective is to expand my global professional network within and beyond the water sector. It's important to note that there are specialized professional groups designed for young individuals in this field, often referred to as Young Water Professionals. For instance, within the IWA membership, there's an opportunity to join the Young Water Professional Chapter specific to your country. Unfortunately, such a chapter doesn't currently exist for Tanzania. 
• Upon becoming a full member of the IWA network, my goal is to establish the Tanzanian chapter of the International Water Association Young Water Professionals (YWP). To create an IWA chapter, it's a requirement to have three registered IWA members from Tanzania who will serve on the committee. I am actively seeking suitable individuals for these leadership roles. Establishing a dedicated Young Water Professionals (YWP) group in Tanzania is crucial to infuse fresh perspectives, creativity, and innovative problem-solving skills into the Tanzanian water sector. Providing a platform for these unique viewpoints ensures the industry's adaptability and dynamism. I am hopeful that this initiative will materialize soon, enabling young professionals to actively engage in meaningful water-related discussions through this chapter. 

  

• Online courses, webinars, conferences: Engaging in free online courses is the most convenient, affordable, and accessible method for acquiring knowledge. Despite skepticism, incorporating online courses into your CV showcases your commitment to staying current within your field. These courses, webinars, and conferences are not limited to graduates; they are a common practice among professionals aiming to stay abreast of current industry trends. Given the evolving nature of various sectors, including the water industry, corporations, organizations, and institutions often offer sector updates through online platforms. 
• Amidst the multitude of available conferences, it's crucial to be purposeful in your learning approach. Each course or webinar outlines its objectives beforehand, so selecting options aligned with your specific learning goals is essential to avoid attending every available session. Establishing clear career trajectories is pivotal, serving as your guiding compass. It's vital to maintain focus and not lose sight of your objectives. As the saying goes, you can change your plan but not your goal. If defining your career goals proves challenging, seeking guidance from a coach or mentor is invaluable. Some individuals, despite their initiative, end up frustrated because they fail to set clear career goals. While continuous learning is valuable, attempting to absorb every piece of knowledge and skill available is impractical.   
• Furthermore, opt for courses offered by reputable organizations or platforms. Being discerning and selecting high-quality courses is crucial. In the water sector, I've participated in programs offered by esteemed institutions such as the International Water Association, IHE DELFT Institution of Water Education, the World Bank, World Water Week, and the World Water Organization, among others. LinkedIn provides direct links to these platforms, underscoring the importance of following pages that furnish pertinent information aligning with your career goals. 

 

• Find yourself a professional coach or a mentor: It's crucial to understand that not everyone needs a professional coach or mentor for their career growth. Career paths are highly individual, and people navigate them differently. Personally, I have never had a coach or mentor throughout my career journey. Instead, I've relied on informal networks, friends, self-learning, self-reflection, and online resources for guidance and support. 
• However, it's essential not to underestimate the value of having a professional coach or mentor. If you're starting a career, seeking specific expertise, going through career changes, or need personalized advice, having a mentor or coach can be incredibly beneficial. As mentioned before, making mistakes is part of the learning process, but your career goals shouldn't be compromised. Without proper guidance, you might waste valuable time and lose sight of your intended career path. Numerous methods exist for finding professional coaches and mentors. Personally, I believe tapping into your professional network can simplify the process. These individuals should possess in-depth knowledge of career development, a profound understanding of your sector, familiarity with your career journey, and should be people you admire. Moreover, they should exhibit exceptional professional ethics and manners.

The role of Tanzania government and relevant institutions: 

• Establish platforms where young individuals can express their thoughts about the water sector.
• Offer chances for young professionals to enroll in training programs, enhancing their prospects in the water industry. 
• Create avenues for qualified young experts to assume key sector roles, inspiring others to pursue opportunities in this field. 
• Allocate budgetary resources to prioritize the sector, enabling young professionals to attend training programs focused on sector innovations. 
• Eliminate bureaucratic obstacles hindering young people from pursuing careers in the water sector. 
• Promote private investments in the sector, fostering entrepreneurial prospects and generating more career openings for young talents.

 Final thought: Explore water sector careers: Share ideas, get training, acquire professional network, ignore misconceptions, and pursue opportunities in the sector. Your involvement can make a significant difference in Tanzania's development and the world. Your skills are vital for tackling water challenges and fostering progress. Join me in shaping a better future with access to clean and safe water!.

I appreciate your time reading my blog. I hope you found it valuable. Writing about water is always enjoyable for me. Kindly share this with aspiring young water professionals. In my next post, I'll discuss how young individuals can compete for international opportunities, drawing from my experience and insights from successful young professionals in the water sector. Stay tuned for the next blog!

Wishing you all the best,

Kindly,

Oscar Balongo.